中国文学英译絮谈

沙枫

王安石几首诗的英译

香港中文大学出版的半年刊《译丛》(Renditions)创刊号,刊登了刘若愚翻译的王安石诗歌六首。《新花》、《即事二首》、《染云》、《南浦》、《竹里》。

《染云》全诗是:

染云为柳叶,剪水作梨花。
不是春风巧,何缘有岁华。

英译如下:

Dyeing clouds to make willow leaves,
Cutting water to form pear blossoms;
If it weren't for the spring wind's skills,
How could we have the glory of the year?

是译得不错的。

王安石写诗爱用“春风”两字,又如上文提到《竹里》,全诗是:“竹里编茅倚石根,竹径疏处见前村。闻眠尽日无人到,自有春风为扫门。”最后一句,又有“春风”两字了。

刘师舜在“One Hundred and One Chinese Poems”中也译了一首王安石的《元日》,诗中又有“春风”,全诗是:

爆竹声中一岁除,春风送暖入屠苏。
千门万户曈曈日,总把新桃换旧符。

英译如下:

Amidst the noise of firecrackers, the year
Comes to and end;
The spring wind helps and the tu-su warms.
The rising sun shines on innumerable thresholds,
New peach-wood boards replace the old charms on the doors.

王安石爱用“春风”,也用“春色”,例如一首《夜直》,全诗是这样的:

金炉香尽漏声残,翦翦轻风阵阵寒。
春色恼人眠不得,月移花影上栏干。

此诗有两人英译。英人罗旭龢(Robert Kotewall)的译文如下:

The golden bowl's incense burns to ashes, the sound of the water-clock fades;
Snip, snip goes the light breeze with its gusts of chill.
Spring's hues tease me, and I cannot sleep;
While the moon moves the shadows of the flowers up the balustrade.

英人翟理士(Giles)的译文如下:

The incense-stick is burnt to ash, the water-clock is stilled,
The midnight breeze blows sharply by and all round is chilled.
Yet I am kept from slumber by the beauty of the spring,
Sweet shapes of flowers across the blind the quivering moonbeams fling!

翟理士译诗胜在押韵,而罗旭龢的译文则胜在明白。

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