中国文学英译絮谈

沙枫

《红楼梦》有新英译

《红楼梦》现在有了新的英文译本,是牛津大学教授 Hawkes 翻译的,第一册二十六回已经出版,为英国【企鹅】古典作品丛书。

英译本的书名为“The Story of the Stone”,即是《石头记》。

在此之前,《红楼梦》已有王际真与 两人的英译本。现将三人的一些译文,对比一下。且举第五回的一副对联:

厚地高天,堪叹古今情不尽;
痴男怨女,可怜风月债难偿。

Hawkes 的译文是这样的:

Ancient earth and sky
Marvel that love's passion should outlast all time.
Star-crossed men and maids
Groan that love's debts should be so hard to pay.

是译得忠实的。

再看王际真的英译:

Enduring as heaven and earth——
no love however ancient can ever die;
Timeless as light and shadow——
no debt of breeze and moonlight can ever be repaid.

王际真把“痴男怨女”译作“Timeless as light and shadow”,“痴男怨女”简直“无影无踪”了。

又看 McHugh 的英译:

Passions without end, old and new,
Swell broad as the earth, wide as the sky.
Too late, amorous youth, languishing maid, is your repentance,
Ah, to atone for the guilt of wind and moon-play costs pain!

英人 McHugh 把“痴男怨女”句译作“Too late, amorous youth, languishing maid, is your repentance”,引到莎士比亚的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》去了。

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