文革时期常用词汇的英译

蒋割荆

S(2)

上串下跳
run clandestine errands up and down the line
上大当,吃大亏
be badly fooled and suffer severely
上刀山,入火海
climb a mountain of swords or plunge into a sea of flames
《上海公报》(《中华人民共和国和美利坚合众国联合公报》)
Shanghai Communiqué (Joint Communiqué of the People's Republic of China and the United States of America 1972)
上纲上线
raise it to the level of principle and political line
“上穷碧落下黄泉,两处茫茫皆不见”
(编者译)"Searching up to the heavens and down to the netherworld, where can I find her?"
上山下乡
go to the mountainous areas and the countryside
上台
climb to power/take power/rise (come) power/ascend to power
上无片瓦,下无寸地
have neither a tile over one's heads nor s speck of land under one's feet
少而精
fewer and better/less but better/condensed and concentrated
少、慢、差、费
get few, slow, poor and expensive results
少数服从多数,下级服从上级,局部服人全体,全党服从中央
The minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, the part to the whole and the entire membership to the Central Committee.
少走弯路
avoid detours
舍车马、保将帅
sacrifice the knights in order to save the queen
“舍得一身剐,敢把皇帝拉下马”
"Whoever is not afraid of death by a thousand cuts dares to unhorse the emperor."
社会发展规律
law of social development
(人们的)社会存在决定人们的意识
The social being of men determines their consciousness.
社会风气
social convention/prevail in society
社会关系
social connections
社会渣滓
dregs of society
“社会主义大家庭论”
the theory of "socialist community"
社会主义教育运动
the socialist education movement
社来社去
recruit students from the people's communes on the understanding that upon graduation they will go back to work where they come from
社员大会
general meeting of people's commune members
身败名裂
lose all standing and reputation
身教胜于言教
Example (practice) is better than precept.
身经百战
experienced many battles/battle-tested
深仇大恨
with immense hatred/bitter and deep-seated hatred
深厚感情
deep feeling for
深恶痛绝
implacable hatred
深入人心
win support among the people/found its way ever deeper into the hearts of the people
深入工农兵群众
go into the very midst of the workers, peasants and soldiers
深入基层
go to the units at the basic level
深入实际斗争
go into the thick of practical struggles
神采奕奕,容光焕发
in high spirits
神乎其神
miraculous
神圣不可侵犯
be scared and inviolable
什么坏事都干得出来
be capable of doing anything, no matter how foul it is
什么阶级说什么话
People always speak according to their class.
什么人间奇迹都可以创造出来
Miracles can be performed.
什么籐结什么瓜,什么阶级说什么话
Each particular plant yields its own particular fruit; each class speaks in its own terms.
甚嚣尘上
make a lot of noise/a great of clamor has arisen
审查
undergo examination/review
审干
examine the personal record of cadres/examination of cadres' histories
渗透
infiltrate
升官发财
win promotion and get rich
生搬硬套
apply mechanically
生产建设兵团
the Production and Construction Corps of the PLA
生产突击队
frontline production brigade
生的伟大,死的光荣
A great life! A glorious death!
生活津贴
subsistence allowance
生活空虚
lead empty lives
生活作风问题
style of living
生活特殊化
live at a far higher standard than ordinary people
生活小事
petty everyday matters
生活作风方面的一般性错误
run-of-the-mill mistakes in day-to-day life
生米已成熟饭
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
声名狼藉
discredited/bad reputation/notorious
声势浩大,波澜壮阔
gigantic and vigorous
声讨大会
denunciation mass meeting
胜败乃兵家常事
Defeats or victories are ordinary things to a general.
胜不骄,败不馁
not be dizzy with success, nor be discouraged by failure
胜利冲昏头脑
get dizzy with success
盛气凌人,不可一世
throw one's weight about, become overbearing
失败是成功之母
Failure is the mother of success.
失道寡助
Being unjust, is lacked popular support.
时代潮流
trend of the times
时代最强音
the most powerful music of our time
“时代精神汇合论”
"the merging of various trends as the spirit of the age"
识大体,顾大局
keep the whole situation in mind
识时务者为俊杰
Whoever understands the times is wise./Whosoever understands the signs of the times is a great man.
十恶不赦
guilty beyond forgiveness
十个指头中一个指头的问题
a question of one finger among ten
《十六条》—《中国共产党中央委员会关于无产阶级文化大革命的决定》
Decision of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party Concerning the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (i.e., the 16-Point Decision)
十月革命一声炮响
the salvos of the October Revolution
十月怀胎,一朝分娩
ten months of pregnancy, the day of birth
拾人牙慧
take up and adopt others' thoughts instead of using one's own/offer another's ideas as one's own
实践、认识、再实践、再认识
practice, knowledge, again practice, and again knowledge
实事求是
seek truth from facts
实用主义
pragmatism
使用种种卑鄙恶毒的手段
resort to all sorts of vile and vicious tricks
使用干部
make proper use cadres
史无前例
unprecedented
世界观
world outlook
世界上有些大的东西,其实并不可怕
There are big things in the world which are actually not to be feared.
世上无难事,只怕有心人
Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.
世外桃源
a place as haven
拭目以待
watchful/wait and see
试金石
touchstone
势不两立
irreconcilable
势如破竹,所向披靡
brave dauntlessly all difficulties and be ever victorious
市场繁荣,物价稳定
The market is brisk and commodity prices are stable.
市侩哲学
philistine philosophy
视而不见听而不闻
see and hear it without taking any notice
视死如归
look death calmly in the face/face death with equanimity
视作洪水猛兽
seem as dangerous as floods and wild beasts
事出有因,查无实据
There is good cause for that, but no evidence is found.
事后诸葛亮
be wise after the event
事物都是一分为二的
Everything tends to divide into two.
事物总是在一定条件下向它的对立面转化的
Everything tends to change into its opposite in particular conditions.
事务主义者
routine plodder
事前请示,事后报告
Instructions should be procured beforehand and a report made afterwards.
事业单位
public undertakings
是可忍,孰不可忍?
If this can be tolerated, what cannot?
誓师大会
a rally of pledge/oath-taking rally
誓死保卫
defy death to defend
誓死捍卫
vow to defend with one's life
适得其反
on the contrary

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